Genes: Genes are the basic units of heredity. Genes encode for proteins. Proteins in turn perform the metabolic functions of the cells and contribute to the structure and appearance of our bodies. It used to be thought that each gene encoded a single protein. However, now we know that different proteins can be made from a single gene. This is possible in part because RNA and proteins can be modified after being made, resulting in different proteins from the same gene.
Environmental Factors: Environmental factors are important in determining the expression of genes (whether or not cells are actively making proteins and how much protein is made). Environmental factors include diet, physical activity, infectious agents, chemicals, ultraviolet radiation and even emotions. The idea that we are merely a product of our genes is not true!
Our diet can directly and indirectly influence the expression of some genes in our bodies!
Conversely, many genes influence how we metabolize food, nutritional supplements and medication!
Journal references:
Archer MC. Genetic aspects of nutrition and toxicology: report of a workshop. J Am Coll Nutr - 01-Apr-2001; 20(2 Suppl): 119-28.
Abumrad NA . The gene-nutrient-gene loop. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care - 01-Sep-2001; 4(5): 407-10
de Mateo Silleras B. Nutrition
and gene expression. Nutr Hosp - 01-Jan-2000; 15
Suppl 1: 128-42.
